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Kingdom of Cambodia
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Capital City:
Phnom Penh
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Population:
17,3 million
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Area:
181.035 km2
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Head of State:
King NORODOM Sihamoni
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Prime Minister:
HUN Sen
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Minister of Foreign Affairs:
PRAK Sokhonn
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Offical language:
Khmer
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Currency:
Riel
(1 USD=4.110 Riel)
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GDP:
30,37 billion USD (2022)
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Government Type:
Constitutional Monarchy
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Independence Day:
9 November 1953
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Parliament:
consists of National Assembly (125 seats) and Senate (62
seats)
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Ethnic Groups:
%90 Khmer, %10 Vietnamese, Chinese and other
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Prominent International Organizations of which Cambodia
is a member:
United Nations (UN)
United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural
Organization (UNESCO)
United Nations Industrial Development Organization (UNIDO)
Association of Southeast Asian Nations (ASEAN)
Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO)
International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA)
International Labor Organization (ILO)
International Organization for Migration (IOM)
International Maritime Organization (IMO)
International Monetary Fund (IMF)
World Health Organization (WHO)
World Trade Organization (WTO)
Inter-Parliamentary Union (IPU)
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Historical and Political Outlook of Cambodia
The first human settlements in the region of present-day Cambodia dates
back to 2000 B.C. The Funan Kingdom is the first Southeast Asian
civilization, located in Cambodia between 1-6 A.C.
The Angkor Empire,
which ruled most of the lands of Southeast Asia, including today's
Cambodia, between the 9th and 15th centuries, historically
stands out as the most prominent ancient Khmer state, founded in the
present-day Cambodia territories.
The dissolution of the Angkor Empire in 1432 brought a politically unstable
period to the region. During the said period, as locally ruling
administrations were established, Vietnamese and Siamese (Thai) ethnic
groups struggled for dominance over the region.
Cambodia, which was placed under French protection in 1863, gained its
independence in 1953.
The recent political history of Cambodia was shaped by the developments in
neighboring Thailand and Vietnam, in addition to the destruction caused by
the Khmer Rouge regime, which ruled Cambodia between 1975-1979.
Internal turmoil in the country continued in the 1980s. As a result of the
negotiations carried out by the United Nations (UN), a transitional
authority was established in 1991 under the UN mandate.
Named the "Kingdom of Cambodia" in 1993, the country has been governed by a
constitutional monarchy since then. Current King Norodom Sihamoni acceded
to the throne in 2004.
In the latest general elections, held in July 2018, the ruling Cambodia
People's Party (CPP) won all the seats in the National Assembly, with
77.36% of the nationwide vote. The next general elections will be held on
23 July 2023.
Economic Outlook of Cambodia
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GDP (billion USD)
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30,37
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Inflation (%)
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7,85
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GDP growth rate (%)
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4,8
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Unemployment rate (%)
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3,00
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Population (million)
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17,3
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Export (billion USD)
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15,6
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GDP per capita (USD)
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1.842,00
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Import (billion USD)
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19,1
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*2022 data (Source: Ministry of Economy and Finance of the Kingdom of
Cambodia)
Major trading partners:
USA, Singapore, PRC, Japan, Germany
Major export items:
textiles, apparel, shoes, electrical machinery and components, rice.
Main import items:
ready-made clothing intermediates, petroleum products, construction
materials, machinery, motor vehicles, cosmetics and pharmaceuticals.
Cambodia became a member of the World Trade Organization in 2003 and has
attained a rapid economic growth trend since 2004. Thanks to the garment,
construction and tourism sectors, Cambodia’s economy grew at an average
annual rate of 7 percent in the last 15 years, before Covid-19. The World
Bank predicts that the Cambodian economy will be one of the fastest-growing
economies in South East Asia in the upcoming period.
In 2015, Cambodia had an attempt to reach lower-middle-income countries
group from the Least Developed Countries group; yet did not meet the
required criteria.